How Does Plasma Arc Furnace Work?

The working principle of plasma arc melting furnace is to ionize inert gas through a plasma generator to form a high-temperature plasma arc, and use the concentrated energy released by the plasma arc to achieve rapid melting and refining of refractory materials. Our SP-MSM20-9 small plasma arc melting furnace is optimized on the basis of this principle.

From the point of view of the workflow, the operation of plasma arc melting furnace can be divided into four stages: plasma arc generation, material melting, refining and impurity removal, and cooling molding. The parameter control of each stage directly determines the purity and microstructure of the final material. Although traditional large-scale plasma smelting furnaces can achieve mass production, the equipment is bulky and complex to operate, and a large amount of raw materials is required for a single smelting, which is not suitable for small sample testing in the R&D stage. The SP-MSM20-9 small plasma arc melting furnace is perfectly adapted to the needs of small batch melting through compact design and precise temperature control technology. In the plasma arc generation stage, the equipment adopts a dual-mode design of non-transfer arc and transfer arc, which can be flexibly switched according to material characteristics. For refractory metals such as tungsten and molybdenum, the transfer arc mode is used to directly act the plasma arc on the surface of the raw material to achieve rapid heating. For rare earth alloys that are easy to oxidize, the non-transfer arc mode is used to indirectly melt the raw materials through the atmosphere in the plasma arc heating furnace, reducing the direct contact between the material and the arc and reducing oxidation loss.

In the material melting and refining stage, the technical advantages of the SP-MSM20-9 small plasma arc melting furnace have been revealed. In the smelting process of titanium alloy, if there are impurities such as oxygen and nitrogen in the furnace, it will cause the titanium alloy to have a brittle phase, which will affect the mechanical properties of the material. In response to this problem, the vacuum system used in our SP-MSM20-9 small plasma arc melting furnace can reduce the vacuum in the furnace to a suitable level and then fill it with high-purity argon gas to form a protective atmosphere, effectively isolating air impurities. In the smelting process, the high-temperature energy of the plasma arc can not only achieve complete melting of the material, but also float the low-melting impurities in the raw material to the surface of the melt through gravity slag removal, and finally remove them through subsequent cleaning, greatly improving the purity of the material, which is much higher than the standard of traditional induction melting furnaces. In addition, the water-cooled copper crucible of the equipment adopts an arc-shaped bottom design, which can reduce the contact area between the melt and the crucible and reduce the erosion of the material on the crucible. At the same time, precise water temperature control can avoid cracking of the crucible due to local overheating and extend the service life of the components.

For B-side buyers, purchasing a small plasma arc melting furnace, the installation and commissioning of equipment, operation training and after-sales maintenance will directly affect the continuity of R&D work. Therefore, purchasing the SP-MSM20-9 small plasma arc melting furnace with accurate temperature control, high melting purity and easy operation is your best choice. If you are looking for reliable small plasma arc smelting equipment for high-end material research and development, you can contact us at any time. We believe that choosing us means choosing an efficient, accurate and reliable material smelting solution, and we can provide equipment support for your R&D innovation and product upgrading.